Melhores práticas do servidor de arquivos do Windows GDPR

A partir de 25 de maio^º, 2018 all business that handle EU personal data must be GDPR Compliant. From the perspective of a GDPR Windows File Server, personal data is of the greatest concern for Conformidade com GDPR. As empresas fora da UE assumem que o GDPR não se aplica a elas, no entanto, toda interação com um cidadão da UE exige conformidade – simplesmente administrar uma empresa localizada fora da UE não oferece um “cartão de saída da prisão” !

With the GDPR, companies must notify authorities and customers of data breaches within 72 hours of becoming aware of the incident, maintain records to provide customers confirmation if their data is being used and how, provide them a copy of their data if requested, and allow them to have their data erased. As part of the GDPR data discovery audit companies must classify all personal data and once classified protect that data.

This checklist covers best practice recommendations for the protection of personal data stored on a Windows File Server infrastructure. However, Personal Data also includes things like email stored in Office Online or on-premise in Exchange. The details that follow are best practices that should be followed for protecting personal data in compliance not only with GDPR but other standards as well (HIPAA, FINRA, etc).

Personal Data Covered Under GDPR

O artigo 4.º, n.º 1, define “dados pessoais” da seguinte forma (todas as ênfases adicionadas, salvo indicação em contrário):

«dados pessoais», qualquer informação relativa a uma pessoa singular identificada ou identificável («titular dos dados»); uma pessoa singular identificável é aquela que pode ser identificada, direta ou indiretamente, em particular por referência a um identificador, como um nome, um número de identificação, dados de localização, um identificador online ou a um ou mais fatores específicos da natureza física, fisiológica, identidade genética, mental, económica, cultural ou social dessa pessoa singular;

With such a broad definition, any organization must identify and protect Personal Data. What tools are available to Windows System Administrators to identify and protect data? In the following sections, we identify tools and resources available to Network Administrators to protect GDPR Windows File Servers and Shares.

Identificação de dados pessoais

As part of the discovery process, organizations need to identify, in detail, their data processing activities. They may do so by preparing and maintaining a register of all data processing activities. Under GDPR, organizations must keep full internal documentation of their data processing activities.

The first step in protecting remote access to data with MyWorkDrive is to identify and locate personal data and business processes. Once personal data is identified, it can be protected from access. In addition to developing and documenting data processing workflows tools exist within MyWorkDrive to search for files on Compartilhamentos de arquivos do Windows incluindo o Windows Search Service e para organizações maiores dTSearch. A combinação de pesquisa, documentação e descoberta de processamento de dados é a primeira etapa para proteger os Windows File Servers em qualquer organização sujeita ao GDPR.

Protecting Personal Data on Windows File Servers

Once the data has been classified, you should have a comprehensive understanding of the type of data that you process and how the data needs to be protected. Consider how you are securing personal data currently (if at all) and make any necessary changes or put the necessary procedures in place. Protecting the privacy of personal data should be prioritized. It may be necessary to complete a Privacy Impact Assessment (PIA) of policies to evaluate the data life cycles and the potential impact on the privacy of the individual.

Emphasis should be placed on GDPR-specific requirements such as ensuring data portability, the right to be informed, the right to be forgotten, and the correct manner in which to destroy data. The necessary procedures and controls should be in place to support the rights personal data stored. Practices to secure data are needed for personal data in all forms and locations, including on premises and in the cloud, backed up data, archived data, and data being created. The security of entire data lifecycles must be addressed.

To protect personal data companies can used various methods including encryption, anonymization, and pseudonymization. The method you use depends on the user’s permissions and access. Developing a file archive retention policy is essential so that files can be removed over time and therefore are no longer subject to compliance.

A Microsoft tem comprehensive resources for locking down GDPR Windows Servers to comply with GDPR including credential and administrator privilege protections and securing the operating system to run your apps and infrastructure. In addition to the Microsoft resources to lock down Windows File Server operating systems, it is critical to secure systems to trusted networks and enable additional security measures such as Two Factor authentication when data is accessed remotely and prevent downloads to unmanaged devices.

Much of this means basic stuff like turning up the system logs and perhaps various tools to collate and report on them, but equally where possible companies should consider implementing stuff like Data Leakage Prevention to monitor all the personal data being accessed whether on-premise or remotely.

From a MyWorkDrive perspective protecting personal data on files shares can be as simple as excluding it from remote access entirely or limiting access for specific shares to read and edit only in our Web File Manage client while restricting downloads utilizing our data loss prevention features.

Encryption During Transit

Protocolos como FTP servers built in Windows IIS do not comply with GDPR standards. Nor do older Windows VPN clients. MyWorkDrive adds additional protection during transmission to secure company data with high encryption, extensive logging, Two-factor authentication, and Data Loss Prevention features.

MyWorkDrive Server and clients fully support the TLS 1.2 standard to secure files and companies can safely disable TLS 1.0 access. Our Artigo de suporte do MyWorkDrive details how to disable insecure and weak ciphers to protect data during transit.

An additional step to protecting data in transit is to protect the operating system itself with firewall rules. MyWorkDrive itself can be run in a separate firewall zone that limits inbound and outbound ports to only those required for SMB shares, Active Directory and DNS traffic internally and HTTPS (SSL) traffic externally. Additional details on ports needs for proper MyWorkDrive server firewall communication in a locked down environment are available aqui.

Encryption at Rest

Uma maneira de limitar essa exposição a violações do GDPR é criptografar dados em repouso – mesmo que ocorra uma violação se a chave de criptografia não for violada, as empresas podem evitar a etapa de notificação.

O relatório GDPR has a great article here which notes “In the event of data compromise or loss, if the organization is in full control of its own encryption keys, it can avoid the notification step altogether if the data is unreadable to the world outside the organization. In contrast, if the cloud or SaaS provider controls the keys and they are breached, then there is no way to be certain the organization’s data is safe – and notifications and fines ensue.” This includes files stored on GDPR Windows File Servers and Backups stored on-premise or in the cloud.

MyWorkDrive never stores any customer data whether on-premise on the MyWorkDrive file web access server or when opened in office 365 online. Companies can safely encrypt their data on Compartilhamentos de arquivos do Windows sem afetar o acesso remoto ao arquivo MyWorkDrive, utilizando ferramentas internas do servidor windows or utilizing third party vendors such as Sophos or Symantec.

From the MyWorkDrive server and client perspectives, users are accessing file shares in their user context just like they would with traditional mapped drives. The MyWorkDrive servidor de arquivos em nuvem converts local SMB file server traffic to HTTPS for the user to access files remotely, and adds additional logging capabilities and optional Two Factor authentication. In addition, since files can be accessed and edited directly without downloading, the minimizes storing of files locally on end-user devices.

Enterprises can also enable MyWorkDrive data loss prevention features to prevent downloading and external sharing while still allowing viewing and editing of documents in a secure browser.

Monitoramento e relatórios

Obviously, you can’t begin to move forward to meet the stringent GDPR notification requirements within 72 hours if you cannot detect the breach in the first place.

Data Access Requests: The GDPR includes explicit requirements for breach notification where a personal data breach means, “a breach of security leading to the accidental or unlawful destruction, loss, alteration, unauthorized disclosure of, or access to, personal data transmitted, stored or otherwise processed personal data.

MyWorkDrive includes extensive logging and search capabilities to report on access, modification or download that can be combined with centralized log management tools, GDPR Windows File Server reporting tools or third-party alerting tools such as File Audit Plus by Manage Engine, Netwrix Auditor or Quest’s Change Auditor for NetApp.

All MyWorkDrive access logs are in standardized XML format for ease of integration and reporting. Ipswitch additionally outlines best practices for event log management for security and compliance aqui.

Isenção de responsabilidade

Este white paper é um comentário sobre o GDPR, como o MyWorkDrive o interpreta, na data de publicação. A aplicação do GDPR é altamente específica de fatos e nem todos os aspectos e interpretações do GDPR são bem estabelecidos. Como resultado, este white paper é fornecido apenas para fins informativos e não deve ser considerado como aconselhamento jurídico ou para determinar como o GDPR pode se aplicar a você e sua organização. Incentivamos você a trabalhar com um profissional legalmente qualificado para discutir o GDPR, como ele se aplica especificamente à sua organização e a melhor forma de garantir a conformidade. MYWORKDRIVE NÃO OFERECE NENHUMA GARANTIA, EXPRESSA, IMPLÍCITA OU LEGAL, QUANTO ÀS INFORMAÇÕES NESTE WHITE PAPER. Este white paper é fornecido "no estado em que se encontra". As informações e opiniões expressas neste white paper, incluindo URL e outras referências a sites da Internet, podem ser alteradas sem aviso prévio. Este documento não fornece a você nenhum direito legal sobre qualquer propriedade intelectual em qualquer produto MyWorkDrive. Você pode copiar e usar este white paper apenas para fins de referência interna.